Stated simply, Etalumis uses statistical, specifically Bayesian inference (and remarkably backtraces from the simulation executable itself) to, in a somewhat imprecise sense, reverse engineer the ...

Stan is a free and open-source C++ program that performs Bayesian inference or optimization for arbitrary user-specified models and can be called from the command line, R, Python, Matlab, or Julia and ...

When the inference to be made is selected after looking at the data, the classical statistical approach demands -- as seems intuitively sensible -- that allowance be made for the bias thus introduced.

Recent psychophysical experiments indicate that humans perform near-optimal Bayesian inference in a wide variety of tasks, ranging from cue integration to decision making to motor control.