Set up, test and tweak this filter in PartSim to see it’s behavior before building it. The state-variable realization offers the most precise implementation at the expense of many more circuit ...

The usual schematic of a state-variable filter with two inverting integrators is well known. Curiously, the input signal is almost always connected to the minus input of U1. Figure 1 is an example ...

The biodiversity scaling metrics widely studied in macroecology include the species—area relationship (SAR), the scale-dependent species—abundance distribution (SAD), the distribution of masses or ...

(1) A procedure has been described for the qualitative analysis of insect outbreak systems using spruce budworm and balsam fir as an example. This consists of separating the state variables into fast ...