China's Xi Jinping was joined by Vladimir Putin and North Korea's Kim Jong Un for a display of power and the rising tide of anti-U.S. sentiment.
Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian has vowed to remain party to a key nuclear treaty and talks of Gulf unity against Israel.
By staging the parade, Serbia showcases its complex foreign policy, balancing its ambitions to join the EU with arms deals from France, China, Israel and Russia.