Abstract: To effectively address the challenges of undersampling techniques when handling imbalanced data, a new undersampling ensemble learning algorithm based on Kernel Density Estimation (KDEE) is ...

Purpose: This study introduces two-dimensional (2D) Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) plots as a novel tool for visualising Training Intensity Distribution (TID) in biathlon. The goal was to assess how ...

Stable distributions are well-known for their desirable properties and can effectively fit data with heavy tail. However, due to the lack of an explicit probability density function and finite second ...

AKDE provides an accurate, adaptive kernel density estimator based on the Gaussian Mixture Model for multidimensional data. This Python implementation includes automatic grid construction for ...

Performing non-parametric Parzen Window density estimation with a Gaussian kernel, implementing the method both from scratch and using built-in functions, and compares the results across various ...

Reconstructing the diverse conformations of biomolecules from cryoelectron microscopy datasets remains a longstanding challenge. Here, we present a method that surpasses current approaches across ...