Israel has struck nuclear facilities across Iran, including at Natanz, Isfahan, and Arak. It accuses Iran of seeking to build a nuclear bomb and threatening Israel's existence. Tehran says its nuclear program is for civilian energy purposes.

Russian President Vladimir Putin has offered to help mediate an end to the conflict between Israel and Iran, suggesting Moscow could help negotiate a settlement that could allow Tehran to pursue a peaceful atomic program while assuaging Israeli security concerns.

Analysts say the Kremlin is prioritizing its own war against Ukraine, as well as its relations with Gulf nations that don’t want to see a stronger Iran.