Oesophageal dilators or bougies have been used since the Middle Ages. Early bougies were made of natural materials and were used to disimpact food boluses by pushing them “blindly” into the stomach.

Background and aims Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are among the top 10 most widely used drugs in the world. PPI use has been associated with an increased risk of enteric infections, most notably ...

The intestine and its immune system have evolved to meet the extraordinary task of maintaining tolerance to the largest, most complex and diverse microbial commensal habitat, while meticulously ...

BACKGROUND K- ras mutation is one of the first genetic alterations in classical colorectal carcinogenesis. AIMS To investigate the role of K- ras mutations in carcinogenesis, in long standing ...

BACKGROUND There is increasing evidence that reflux of bile plays a part in the pathogenesis of Barrett's oesophagus. Bile injury to the gastric mucosa results in a “chemical” gastritis in which ...

Background Adenoma recurrence after polypectomy is a critical clinical concern, as it directly impacts the surveillance interval and the risk of developing interval colorectal cancer (CRC).

Discriminant function analysis was used to determine the optimum combination of haematological and biochemical tests which gave the best discrimination between hospital patients with high and low ...

Introduction Azathioprine is frequently prescribed for the management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), however there is considerable variation in how it is initiated. It remains common practice to ...

We have read with great interest and excitement the article by Wang et al ,1 in which the authors demonstrated that pancreatic overexpression of the human trypsin inhibitor SPINK1 (serine protease ...